Wednesday 26 June 2013

Moose Jaw Normal School ~ Endless Echoes.

Strength by Gentleness by Julia Adamson (AumKleem)) on 500px.com
Strength by Gentleness by Julia Adamson


Moose Jaw Normal School ~ Endless Echoes.

PC002590: The Normal School, Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan is licensed by University of Alberta Libraries under the Attribution - Non-Commercial - Creative Commons license. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://peel.library.ualberta.ca/permissions/postcards.html.
"The Normal School, Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan" circa 1930 University of Alberta Libraries

As immigration came west in Canada pioneers settled on their homesteads with young families. Families, with young children in need of schools and teachers. The Council of the Northwest Territories made set out guidelines to establish school districts. Moose Jaw had the dubious distinction of pressing forward in applying for their school district, being the first in the Territories to have their petition to the Government approved. The one room schoolhouses, initally staffed by teachers recruited from Eastern Canada and overseas, or teacher appointed by the school district superintendent. The Northwest Territories Council made provision initiating Normal Training Sessions for teacher training. Permanent Normal Schools were established in Regina, Saskatoon, and Moose Jaw, with classes held in any Union School where demand warranted a special session. The Department of Education (now the Ministry of Education) continued regulating education after 1905 when Saskatchewan became a province.

The city of Moose Jaw began when two explorers, James Hamilton Ross (1856-1932), Hector Sutherland along with a couple of other homesteaders searched land suitable for settlement that would also make an excellent railway divisional point. In the summer of 1881, the forks of Moose Jaw and Thunder Creeks was chosen as this site, and by July 1882, the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) arrived connecting the settlement with Winnipeg, and Portage la Prairie. Six months later, Moose Jaw was connected with Calgary via the CPR. As settlers arrived, families realized a there was need to educate their children. In 1880, a federal government grant was available which paid half of a teacher's salary if there were fifteen pupils in attendance at a school. A Provisional Board was appointed to establish public education in a school. This civic-minded board with John Gordon Ross (1891-1972), son of Senator James Hamilton Ross, at its helm soon had Moose Jaw incorporated as a town in January of 1884.

"As for the need of a school, let me say that education is one of the most sacred responsibility entrusted to parents. Government schools will soon lead to government control of what is taught. Education is a matter for the home, and when more formal instruction is required it should be a matter of choice. Many citizens are willing to share that responsibility with the church, but not with the government.~John Gordon Ross nomination speech for mayor of Moose Jaw February 1884."Brown, Page 18.
The Northwest Territorial Council passed the very first school law, Ordinance No. 5 on August 18, 1884. Lieutenant-Governor E. Dewdney put this act into effect, sowing the seeds for the Department of Education. Ten Protestant schools and nine Roman Catholic schools in the territories had received payment for half teachers salaries since 1883. "School District of the Town of Moose Jaw Protestant Public School District No. 1 of the North West Territories" was the first school district organized under this ordinance. The temporary location of Moose Jaw's first classroom is under debate, although it was used for both classes and the aforementioned political assemblies and speeches.

Brian A. Brown reports that the Moose Jaw Public School was located in the Brunswick Hotel, then the Foley Block (later the Churchill Hotel). Classes relocated to a lean to addition on the Moose Hotel (later the Bank of Commerce). Between 1886 and 1889 students were taught in Mr. W.R. Campbell's building (later the Walter Scott building).

A permanent eight-room school house was built and opened in 1890 under principal Mr. William Rothwell, and Mr. J.N. MacDonald, teacher. The following year Mr. Calder was appointed principal of the Moose Jaw Union School District Number One, with two teachers serving in the newly constructed permanent school location.
“Kind words are short and easy to speak, but their echoes are truly endless"~ Mother Teresa of Calcutta
J.A. Calder began teaching near Portage La Prairie, and other rural schools, landing a position as Moose Jaw High School principal in 1891, and school inspector in 1894. Calder returned to school studying law, following this he was Deputy Commissioner of Education in the North-West Territories (1901-1905) and Commissioner of Education beginning in 1905. (The position, Commissioner of Education, is currently referred to as "Minister of Education for the Ministry of Education")

The naming of the school as a Union school was significant as it "A Union School could be protestant, public, separate or private. This was a common designation to set apart schools of a certain standard in which teachers could be trained in the absence of any other training facility, university or Normal College."Brown P 45.
"
In 1888 provision was made in the Northwest Territories ordinance for the establishment of union schools. These schools combine the teaching of a high school curriculum, a teacher training curriculum, and a public school curriculum.
"The principal was required to be a graduate of some university in her Majesty's Dominion, or in the opinion of the Board of Education equivalent thereto.

"He was required to satisfy the Board of Education of the Northwest Territories that he was qualified by knowledge and ability to conduct such a school (union) and to train teachers according to the most approved methods of teaching."-Department of Education recordsBrown p. 46.
"
By 1901, the school is referred to as Victoria School, and in the spring of 1903, Dr. J.W. Sifton becomes principal of Victoria School taking over from Augustus H. Ball. To further growth and development in Moose Jaw, the Soo Line reached town in September of 1893 connecting Moose Jaw with Chicago and Minneapolis. The population grew to 1,558 residents by 1901, only Prince Albert and Regina are larger centres at the turn of the century. Moose Jaw achieved city status on November 20, 1903 and at this time Moose Jaw was the "leading industrial centre of the provinceSaskBiz. (Regina incorporated June 19, 1903; population 2,2491901 and Saskatoon on May 26, 1906, population 311 1901.) Construction began on Alexandra school in 1905 and the school opened in the spring of 1906. The primary grades remained at Victoria School, and the older students attended the new Alexandra school. Short sessions for teacher training were held at Alexandra School as well. The population continued to swell, Moose Jaw recorded 6,249 residents in 1906, the largest urban centre of the newly formed province of Saskatchewan (September 5, 1905). Regina was enumerated at 6,100, Prince Albert 3,011 and Saskatoon 3,005 in 1906.
 PC011211: Alexandra School, Moose Jaw, Canada is licensed by University of Alberta Libraries under the Attribution - Non-Commercial - Creative Commons license. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://peel.library.ualberta.ca/permissions/postcards.html.
"Alexandra School, Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan circa 1910" University of Alberta Libraries

In 1908,the governing body of the University was established under President Walter Murray. Moose Jaw assembled a petition of 2,217 persons with their claim to establish the provincial University in Moose Jaw. Premier Scott placed the decision with the board of governors to recommend a site upon deliberation and examination of all options and information available. In the following year a site in Saskatoon was chosen after surveying Moose Jaw, Prince Albert, Saskatoon, Battleford, Fort Qu'Appelle, Indian Head.

Moose Jaw continued to grow as the third largest city in the province, showing a population of 13,823 by 1911. Regina was the largest urban centre with 26,127 residents, Saskatoon 12,004. In 1911 Dr. Angus A. Graham, United Church minister, arrived in Moose Jaw and erected the Moose Jaw College. The Moose Jaw College was a boys Christian Residential College offering public school, and high school courses. The college also offered short commercial courses over the winter term when demand warranted. Complete commercial courses were offered, as well as high school classes up to the completion of first year University. Special courses were also arranged for student requests. Due to the depression and drought in the 1930s the Moose Jaw College closed its doors in 1931 and students transferred to the Regina College.

Planning of Ross Collegiate School began in 1913, becoming ready for classes until the spring of 1914. Moose Jaw's growth reached 16,934 in 1916 third largest in the province; Regina came in at 26,127 and Saskatoon 21,048. During the Great War (1914 -1918) Ross School was converted to a military hospital, and resumed secondary high school and Normal School classes in the fall of 1920. Teacher training for 45 pupils was also undertaken at Alexandra school under the tutelage of principal, W.J. Hawkins, B.A. who happened to be also the Moose Jaw Rural School Inspector. N.L. Massey and S.G.M. McClelland also taught normal school classes alongside Hawkins. These student teachers earned their third-class teaching certificates, and were able to teach for three years under this designation.

A fifteen week teacher training session was made available in Moose jaw under school inspectors as teachers. 62 students applied for normal school teaching, and the call was answered by Inspectors Griffin, McClelland and Keith in the fall of 1923. Additionally, a sixteen week winter normal school sessions was proposed at Prince Albert, Moosomin, Moose Jaw, Weyburn, Swift Current and Estevan facilities if twenty-five students enrolled. A facility was looked at in Yorkton as well for the same extra Winter session. This session was out of the ordinary, as traditionally sessions began in January, however it was thought that teachers could make use of the normal school winter session while the rural schools were closed during the winter vacation period.

The Department of Education needed to meet the increasing demand for teachers, so the Moose Jaw Normal School was opened in 1927. There were now three normal schools in Saskatchewan, Moose Jaw, Regina and Saskatoon. Eastern Canada adopted the French term école Normale which gave rise to the term Normal School where teachers learned the "norms" in school education methods.

"The rewards of teaching do not at present encourage the expenditure of time and money in professional preparation. So long as a third class teacher is paid the same salary as one holding higher qualifications, there is no inducement for a young man or woman to spend an additional year at high school and an additional term at the Normal School. Salaries have not kept pace with the increased cost of living. Teaching is so poorly paid in comparison with other lines of work that it has suffered by competition. The teachers' services are too often regarded as a commodity to be purchased at the cheapest obtainable rate in the open market. Until the public realizes that there is a close relation between the kind of education available and the price actually paid for it, we cannot look for any improvement in the quality of our teachers or any permanency in the teaching profession. ...The best teachers will gradually drop out and the rising generation will be handicapped through life because inadequately qualified "permit" teachers were in charge of their early education, " said J.F. Bryant, President of the Saskatchewan School trustees, "Another matter which demands our serious consideration is the lack of men in the teaching profession...Since 1906 the percentage of male teachers in the province has dropped from 43.4 to 16.7 per cent. The majority of the men are to be found in urban districts where they carry on as principals and high school masters.The Morning Leader. Feb 26, 1920."

The Moose Jaw Provincial Normal School opened in 1927. "In reference to the selection of Moose Jaw for the location of the third normal school, Mr. Gardiner [acting minister of education] stated that a large majority of the students who presented themselves for normal school training lived in the more settled parts of the southern part of the province."The Morning Leader 1927. During the first term, some 300 students were in attendance at the new normal school in Moose Jaw.
“The best of a book is not the thought which it contains, but the thought which it suggests; just as the charm of music dwells not in the tones but in the echoes of our hearts."~ John Greenleaf Whittier
Upon establishment of the Normal School at Moose Jaw, the staffing at all the normal schools were re-arranged. Dr. John Samuel Huff, (1905-1959) M.A., D. Paed., commissioner of education was appointed as president of the new Normal School in Moose Jaw by the Honourable S.J. Latta, Minister of Education. Previously principal of the Saskatoon Normal School (1924-1927) Regina Normal School (1915-1924), Doctor of paedagogy (1919)Inspector of schools (1911-1915), Principal North Battleford High School (1908-1911) he brought with him a wealth of experience following his graduation from the Regina Normal School in 1907 with a first class certificate.
Regina Normal School 1914 Postcard 12856 Lovell & Co. New Normal School Regina (cca. 1911)
Regina Normal School 1914 Postcard credit Postcard 12856 Lovell & Co. New Normal School Regina (cca. 1911) Peel

.....
Honourable James G. Gardiner, Premier and Minister of Education laid the corner stone for the Moose Jaw Provincial Normal School on Tuesday, October 2, 1928 before a crowed of about one thousand. The cost of completion came to $500,000. Richard Geoffrey Bunyard, the first practicing architect located in Moose Jaw, supervised the construction of the Normal School. The Morning Leader recollected that the Regina Provincial Normal School was established in 1912, and the one located in Saskatoon in 1921. ( Moose Jaw Normal School was located where the Moose Jaw SIAST Palliser Campus now stands. )

During the early years of operating normal schools, short-term sessions were held proffering third class teaching certificates to turn out a larger number of teachers for the burgeoning population of Saskatchewan. Even though short term sessions were used to a great extent in the early 1920s and discontinued in 1926, a four month course offering a third class certificate was revived in 1929. In 1928, a short term second class session lasting 18 weeks was held at the three normal schools, and an 18 week short first class session was offered at the Regina and Saskatoon Normal Schools. However, if demand warrants it, a short first class session was available in Moose Jaw for an enrollment level of 40 students. These classes short term classes were made available to those teachers possessing a third class certificate who wished to upgrade to an interim second class (of first class) teaching certificate by taking an additional four month training course.
E.A. Davies Building, Saskatoon Normal School, Saskatoon Teachers College, University of Saskatchewan Avenue A Campus
Saskatoon Normal School Building (now E.A. Davies Building)

Robert Whiting Asseltine (1870-1953), Bachelor of Arts, teacher at both the Saskatoon Moose Jaw normal school was appointed principal of the Moose Jaw Normal School between 1929-1930. Following his tenure as principal of the Moose Jaw Normal School, Dr. Huff went on to become deputy minister of education for Saskatchewan which he held until 1934 when he retired.
"Looking forward into an empty year strikes one with a certain awe, because one finds therein no recognition. The years behind have a friendly aspect, and they are warmed by the fires we have kindled, and all their echoes are the echoes of our own voice."
~
Alexander Smith
The brick building constructed in Moose Jaw for the Normal School classes was officially opened February 26, 1930 by the Honorable J. F. Bryant, minister of public works. An invitation was extended to the members of the Saskatchewan legislative assembly by the City of Moose Jaw to attend the grand opening on Wednesday afternoon. Premier Anderson, Sir Frederick Haultain and Dr. J.S. Huff, Principal also addressed the gathered crowd at the opening ceremonies. Premier Anderson related that the normal schools in the province were over-crowded. Between the three normal schools, 1,500 teachers are trained each year.

Alexandra school in Moose Jaw, the previous home to teacher training "short courses" opened its doors to the newly established permanent Normal School, offering practicum experiences in the field for the student teachers.
"These teachers [at Normal School], it must be explained, were not so much engaged in teaching, as in teaching how to teach. It was their task to impart to the young men and women in their care the latest and most infallible method of cramming information into the heads of children. Recognizing that few teachers have that burning enthusiasm which makes a method of instruction unnecessary, they sought to provide methods which could be depended upon when enthusiasm waned, or when they burned out, or when it had never existed. They taught how to teach; they taught when to open the windows in a classroom and when to close them; they taught how much coal and wood it takes to heat a one-room rural school where the teacher is also the fireman; they taught methods of decorating classrooms for Easter, Thanksgiving, Hallowe'en and Christmas; they taught ways of teaching children with no talent for drawing how to draw; they taught how a school choir could be formed and trained when there was no instrument but a pitch-pipe; they taught how to make a teacher's chair out of a barrel, and they taught how to make hangings, somewhat resembling batik, by drawing in wax crayon on unbleached cotton, and pressing it with a hot iron. They attempted, in fact to equip their pupils in a year with the skills which it had taken them many years of practical teaching, and much poring over Department manuals, to acquire. And often, after their regular hours of duty, they would ask groups of students to their homes, and there, in the course of an evening's conversation, they would drop many useful hints about how to handle rural trustees, how to deal with cranky parents, how a girl-teacher of nineteen, weighing one hundred and ten pounds might resist the amorous advances of a pupil of seventeen, weighing one hundred and sixty pounds, how to leave a rural classroom without making it completely obvious that you were going to the privy, and how to negotiate an increase in pay at the end of your first year." Martens. (R. Davies, The Salterton Trilogy (Tempest-Tost), 79).
Upon reflection, Dr. James Balfour Kirkpatrick, Dean of the College of Education said that during the pioneering days in the province, "schools had just whoever they could get to do the teaching, and teaching wasn't considered a very viable profession. Teaching was regarded as a stepping stone into something else like law or medicine.The Phoenix. 1984.

During the depression years, school enrollment was capped at 800 students for the three provincial normal schools, rather than train a full complement of 1,200 teachers. This decision to limit attendance was considered more advantageous in 1931 rather than closing the Moose Jaw Normal School. Statistics Canada recorded a population of 20,753 for Moose Jaw during this year, Moose Jaw's sister cities for the other two normal schools, Regina was at 53,209 and the city of Saskatoon 43,291.

The Normal Schools published year books, the book in Saskatoon for the Normal School was termed The Light, Regina Normal School published The Aurora, and the Moose Jaw Normal School had the "Normal Echoes".
"What is history? An echo of the past in the future; a reflex from the future on the past."
~
Victor Hugo
In 1933 enrollment at the provincial normal schools was open to graduates aged 18 years of age or older and holding either a grade 11 or a grade 12 certificate with no difference being made for the applicants attending the normal school. Saskatchewan Normal Schools would accept graduates of Canadian or British Universities as approved by the department. By 1936, enrollment standings required a grade 12 diploma, and the normal schools would only choose applicants with a grade 11 standing to meet a minimum enrollment quota, if a shortage of grade 12 applicants presented themselves.

“When there is an original sound in the world, it makes a hundred echoes."

~John A. Shedd
The school was organized under Principal G. Allen Brown in the late 1930s. Brown had been the "Principal of the Collegiate Institute at Prince Albert and superintendent of schools at Prince Albert. He is a graduate of the University of Toronto, holds a permanent high school certificate, has specialist training in mathematics and has been teaching in Prince Albert for over a dozen years." before being a teacher at the Moose Jaw normal school before his posting as principal. The Morning Leader, 1927. Principals of the Normal Schools reported to the superintendent of education (this title later changed to the Deputy Minister of Education). It was during this era, that the department of education set out a higher pre-requisite for student applicants applying for entry into normal schools. Intelligence, aptitude and vocational testing were set before applicants who had attained at least a grade 12 standing along with a complete medical examination. Additionally, student teachers needed to attend specific university classes following graduation at normal school to attain a "permanent teaching certificate". Teachers generally attended summer school at university in order to complete this additional requirement.

"In 1921, when 595 certificates were issued and 889 teachers trained, salary paid a first class male teacher was $1,452...in 1935, when 1,326 certificates were issued and 911 teachers trained, salary for the same teacher amounted to only $523.The Leader Post. 1937. " Due to the drouth and depression of the 1930s, salary arrears for teachers in the province "were reported totalling $777,380 at Dec. 31, 1934; $964,149 at Dec. 31, 1936.The Leader Post. 1937. " Though Saskatchewan schools experienced a shortage of teachers during the Great War, the depression years of the dirty thirties showed an oversupply of teachers. The difficulties during this era saw former teachers re-applying to the teaching profession. Desperate for a job, residents turned to normal schools and teacher training colleges. Academic and professional qualifications were raised by the normal schools in response to the high number of applications for teacher training, and enrollment levels were capped.

This situation changed following the second world war. Regina Normal School closed after World War II due to declining enrollment. In the fall term of the 1944 school year, enrollment for all three provincial normal schools came to only 321 applicants, and the previous year, 1943-1944 there were only 450 enrolled. In comparison, the 1939-1940 school term had an enrollment of 820 with 211 attending the Moose Jaw Normal School, 344 Saskatoon, and 272 attended the Regina Normal School. Between 1943 and 1948 short courses were again offered, however this brought down the number of full time students. The pre-requisite for normal school applicants was a grade 12 diploma, Saskatchewan residence, medical examination, and successful completion of normal entrance examinations through grades nine, ten and eleven. 877 students were in attendance the next year, and by the 1941-1942 school term 950 were enrolled in the normal schools across the province.

Mr. H.C. Andrews, B.S.A., B.Ed, principal of the Moose Jaw Normal School reported 146 graduates at the 1946 spring convocation. "Teachers must act as pivots, in a community around which education is interpreted to the people there, and prime essentials required are that the young teachers starting out must have faith in the future and faith in the youth, with whom they come in contact," the Honourable Woodrow S. Lloyd, Minister of Education said, "Teachers in beginning their careers, must develop an ability to interpret that which they read and hear, must have good health, a good background of learning and especially be civic minded.The Leader-Post, 1946."

A new curriculum along with re-designed entrance requirements were both introduced for the fall of 1945. Normal school applicants required a letter from their high school teacher or principal attesting to the students aptitude for teaching. The first two weeks of Normal School consisted of medical and intelligence testing and staff interviews to procure students suited for the profession of teaching.
"Poetry is an echo, asking a shadow to dance." ~
Carl Sandburg
The Regina Normal School had been taken over by the Royal Canadian Air Force (R.C.A.F.) during the war years (1939 to 1945), and it was unknown how long the R.C.A.F. would require the building. The Moose Jaw institution, being newer, was in better condition. The Department of Education weighing these options decided in favour of keeping the Moose Jaw normal school open.

The University of Saskatchewan accredited the Normal School teaching program as a year of University work in acquiring a Bachelor of Education degree. Normal schools were junior colleges of the university in 1946.

"Teaching is the most important business on earth, " said Dr. S.W. Steinson of the Moose Jaw Normal School..." After determining the aims [of every lesson], you must choose the tools and techniques with which to work, and, lastly, evaluate the extent to which you have achieved your aims.Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. Oct. 14, 1950."

In 1951, members of the legislative assembly (MLAs) discussed re-opening the normal school in Regina, in addition to the Moose Jaw and Saskatoon normal schools. (Moose Jaw had a population of 23,069 in 1951; Regina 60,246 and Saskatoon 46,028) It was during this debate that it was "pointed out that the northern part of the province was more heavily populated than the south...and Moose Jaw didn't have a full complement of students" at that time. Students enrollment across the province dropped from 894 students to 745 enrolled in the fall of 1951. The Normal School at Moose Jaw saw an enrollment of 225, 49 less students than the previous year, Saskatoon Normal School was down 31 students, and the University of Saskatchewan's College of Education saw a reduction of 69 students as well.

Entrance exams in 1952 consisted of basic language, mathematics and general intelligence tests. "Even our Normal School students agree that one year training is not sufficient, and there are only hurried discussions during the semester," explained Marion Scribner from the Moose Jaw Normal School, "with an inspired teacher, the ideal school could become a realty."Saskatoon Star-Phoenix 1952 Though it was felt that Saskatchewan had the "most advanced system of practice teaching in North America", a teaching certificate was offered after a one year Normal course.
"When the school existed mainly to develop skills and to impart information, the teacher, to be successful, required to be master of his subject and drill techniques, and able to keep order, either by strength of personality or muscles. Beyond this little more was essential.Today aims of a different curriculum made greater demands on the teacher, Mr. Lewis [Normal School teacher] declared.

To train pupils to think, the teacher must himself possess this somewhat rare ability. To teach pupils to enjoy beauty he must have the soul of the artist. To develop good citizens he must have at once the attitudes of a good citizen, a thorough understanding of its benefits.

To deal with many types of children and help those who are maladjusted he must have an understanding heart.

Many young men and women who obtain a high school education do not have the other qualifications necessary to make such a teacher.

They can be obtained only if young people of high ability, steeped from the earliest years in our culture, enter the teaching profession.The Leader-Post, 1948.
The Moose Jaw Normal School was renamed the Saskatchewan Teachers College as of 1953 and opened with an enrollment of 229 student teachers that fall. Andrews, principal of the Moose Jaw Teachers College reported 215 graduates in the spring of 1954, speaking at the convocation; "The sound thinker will examine all ideas carefully and methodically and will discard those that are not well founded.The Leader Post, 1954"

During the 50th provincial anniversary celebrations, Robert Kohaly, MLA said that "teaching has possibly become the most important of all professions...members of the teaching profession have the responsibility of seeing that 50 years from now, the residents of Saskatchewan will be as proud of the present generation as we are of the pioneer residents whose memories are being commemorated this year.The Leader-Post 1955."

A three year study to clarify the quality of teacher education and define who was responsible for teacher education curriculum. The study began in 1955 according to Balfour examining whether
  • a) teachers colleges should be kept, but the courses expanded into a two year session;
  • b) teachers colleges become federated colleges;
  • c) or all colleges come under the University.
Though the government's Department of Education made plans to withdraw from teacher education in 1958, the decision to place teacher education under the jurisdiction of the University of Saskatchewan came about in 1964. "there was a realization that if you expected a teacher to know the subject, the pupils, the technique and all that a teacher needs to know to do a job well, then one year wasn't nearly enough time," explained Balfour." The complete move to the contemporary four year degree program achieving a bachelor's degree in education did not become fully established until the 1970s.

A ten per cent salary increase was offered to those teachers with teacher's college training in 1957. The "minimum salary for teachers with teacher's college training is $2,400, reaching a maximum of $4,00 in nine years.The Leader-Post 1957." Gib Eamer, Executive secretary of the Saskatchewan Teachers Federation spoke to the success of the salary increase in retaining teachers in the province.

The Moose Jaw Normal School closed its doors in 1959. Moose Jaw normal school student year books were published under the title; "Normal Echoes."
"The sound of a kiss is not so loud as that of a cannon, but its echo lasts a great deal longer."
~
Oliver Wendell Holmes
Saskatchewan Institute of Applied Science and Technology (SIAST) Palliser Campus made its home in the Moose Jaw Normal School building. Operations of the Moose Jaw Normal School resumed at the Saskatchewan Teachers College, Regina. Provincially teacher education was provided by the Saskatoon and Regina Teacher Colleges. in the early 1960s, all the education of teachers in the province was under the jurisdiction of the "University of Saskatchewan" - Regina Campus" and "Avenue A Campus" until buildings could be built for the College of Education in both cities.

The Honourable Woodrow S. Lloyd, Minister of Education, announced that the Provincial Technical Institute will open in the Moose Jaw Teachers College building. The province, in 1958 had only two Teachers Colleges, one located in Saskatoon, the other in Moose Jaw. With the opening of the Provincial Technical Institute in Moose Jaw, the Teachers College will re-locate from Moose Jaw to Regina. The former Regina Normal School building (after renovations amounting to about $400,000) was used again to provide classrooms for teacher training for the Regina Teachers College. In the fall of 1959, the Regina Teachers College opened to an enrollment of about 400 student teachers. Principal H.C. Andrews speaking to the new students said that they faced a "great responsibility and you must be ready to accept it. Never let it be said that you came to the stairs of learning and refused to ascend.The Leader-post Sept. 8,1959." At the time of the transfer, the Moose Jaw teachers college was under the head of H.C. Andrews, principal along with 15 staff.

"Before a teacher can obtain a permanent certificate in Saskatchewan, two years of study after Grade XII are necessary. The first of these is usually taken at a Teachers College; the second must be at the University. If a two year course is to be a minimum requirement, or even if it is to be provide for effective coordination between the University and department, the problem of proximity of institutions is important....Teacher training will then be carried on, still at two centres in the province, but at those centres in which the University also operates, said Wilson.Saskatoon Star-Phoenix, 1958."

Moose Jaw not only said farewell to its Teachers' College, but also the Soo Line, when ran its last passenger train in the spring of 1961. The CPR Moose Jaw - Macklin 480 kilometer branch line also ceased services. A once busy divisional point, with trains arriving continuously all day, Moose Jaw rail traffic was reduced to two cross country trains daily.
"Ennui is the echo in us of time tearing itself apart.
"

~
Emile M. Cioran
The last year the Teachers College, Moose Jaw opened, the 1958-1959 session, enrollment increased to 350 students, over 237 from the year before. The new Technical Institute will move into the college building, after being used for teacher training for 30 years, it will continue its service in education. Following its first year, the Saskatchewan Technical Institute, received an enrollment of 1,500 students. Construction of a new building pegged at $2,2500,000 on the Teacher's College site, began in 1958, with the official opening on January 11, 1961. The construction added a new gymnasium-auditorium, two storey classroom wing, kitchen, and dining room wing. The Teachers College building remained at the heart of the new institute, housing administration offices.

Moose Jaw's population on the 2011 census was 33,274; Saskatoon 222,189, and Regina 193,100. Once the province's largest industrial city, Moose Jaw rings out her proud heritage. Reaching through time, reclaiming hundreds of unique memories, they truly live up to their new slogan, "Moose Jaw: Surprisingly Unexpected." (Placing a spotlight on their old slogan, "the Band Capital of North America" a story in itself.)
"Most of your reactions are echoes from the past.
You do not really live in the present."
~
Gaelic Proverb

The Regina Normal School was established first in 1893, followed by the Normal School in Saskatoon in 1912, and then demand warranted as well, the Normal School in Moose Jaw by 1927. The Regina Normal School building was used for teacher training opening in 1914, closing between 1944-1960, when it reopened to serve until 1969, with a total teacher training facility era of 76 years. The Saskatoon Normal School building opened in 1923, and was used until 1970, its era serving teacher education covering a total of 50 years. The Moose Jaw Normal School building, opened in 1930, and closed in 1959 when classes continued at the Regina location. The Moose Jaw Normal School building had a lifespan of 30 years as a teacher training facility before being used by Saskatchewan Technical Institute.

From humble beginnings, the echoes from the Moose Jaw Normal School ring out. Friendly fires are re-kindled, looking at the reflections of history. Through time, hundreds of student teachers passed through Normal Sessions carrying with them lasting memories.

Article written by Julia Adamson

BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Additional Reading:
  • Regina Normal School~ a History ~ From potential to realty
      • North-West Territories Normal School 1893-1905
      • Regina Provincial Normal School 1905-1927
      • Regina Normal School 1927-1953
    • Regina Teacher's College 1953-1961
    • University of Saskatchewan ~ Regina Campus 1961-1969
    • Faculty of Education USRC 1969-1974
    • University of Regina 1974-
________________________________________________________________________________________





[caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="75"]The Moose Jaw Standard The Moose Jaw Standard (Photo credit: Wikipedia)[/caption]

[caption id="" align="alignleft" width="75"]Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan Location Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan Location (Photo credit: Wikipedia)[/caption]

[caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="75"]English: A small grain elevator on a farm near... English: A small grain elevator on a farm near Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, Canada. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)[/caption]

[caption id="" align="alignleft" width="75"]Mac the Moose stands on the edge of Moose Jaw. Mac the Moose stands on the edge of Moose Jaw. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)[/caption]

[caption id="" align="alignright" width="75"]Welcome to Moose Jaw Welcome to Moose Jaw (Photo credit: jimmywayne)[/caption]





Moose Jaw Normal School ~ Endless Echoes ~ BIBLIOGRAPHY

Strength by Gentleness by Julia Adamson (AumKleem)) on 500px.com
Strength by Gentleness by Julia Adamson



Moose Jaw Normal School ~ Endless Echoes. BIBLIOGRAPHY




PC002590: The Normal School, Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan is licensed by University of Alberta Libraries under the Attribution - Non-Commercial - Creative Commons license. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://peel.library.ualberta.ca/permissions/postcards.html.


"The Normal School, Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan" circa 1930 University of Alberta Libraries



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Moose Jaw Normal School ~ Endless Echoes. Link to Main Article



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Bibliography:
149 Less Students At Normal Schools. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. October 6, 1951. Page 3. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



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Alexandra Public School, Moose Jaw
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Alexandra School, Moose Jaw
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Anderson Leaving Teachers' College, Steinson Successor. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. May 8, 1954. Page 3. Google News Archives. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Angus Graham Leaves College. Former Head Moose Jaw College to Return to Ministry. The Leader-Post. January 8, 1934. Google News Archives. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Appointment to Teachers' College. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. May 28, 1956. Page 10. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.


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At Semans Rally. High Praise for Teaching. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. October 14, 1950. Page 12. Date accessed June 3, 2013.




Author Bio. Asseltine, Robert Whiting. 5663: story of Lodge Progress, no. 92, G.R.S., A.F. and A.M., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, April 15th, 1912, April 15, 1933 The . [1933]. Quote"Asseltine, Robert Whiting (1870-1953). Teacher in Ontario; to Saskatchewan, 1911; inspector of schools at Rosetown; on staff of Saskatoon Normal School, 1918-1927; principal of Moose Jaw Normal School, 1929-1930; principal of Saskatoon Normal School, 1930-1934 (Saskatoon Star-Phoenix, March 24, 1953)." unquote 2003-2009. University of Alberta. Date accessed May 17, 2013.




Basketball Players are Visitors to City The Leader-Post. March 31, 1931. Page 4. Date accessed June 3, 2013.


Basketball Teams are Entertained by Normal School Pupils. The Leader-Post. March 25, 1931. Page 7. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 2, 2013.





Big Crowd at College Game. Moose Jaw Normal Defeats Regina Team. The Leader-Post. February 13, 1940. Page 7. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



Big enrollment prospect for teachers' college. Leader-Post. September 6, 1958. Page 2. Google News Archive Date accessed June 4, 2013.




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British will win St. George's Day Audience Told. ...At Moose Jaw The Leader=Post, Moose Jaw Bureau . April 24, 1941. Page 6. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 2, 2013.



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Central, Tech split hoop wins. The Leader-Post. November 24, 1954. Page 23. [Basketball.] Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Classrooms in Lakeview School Made Ready for Normal School. The Leader-Post August 5, 1940. Google News Archives. Page 2. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



Classroom practice in country. The Leader-Post. October 19, 1962. Page 14 Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Close victory to Tech Team. The Leader-Post. February 15, 1956. Page 30. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



College exercises planned Thursday. The Leader-Post. June 17, 1953. Page 12. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



College opening. The Leader-Post. September 14, 1954. Page 2. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



College Removal Rumors Discussed. The Leader-Post. November 26, 1957. Page 16. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



College to use Normal School? The Leader-Post. October 25, 1944. Page 3. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



Comets click over Cougars. The Leader-Post. February 11, 1956. Page 27. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Dr. Mort To Address Teachers Convention. The Leader-Post. September 21, 1940. Page 3. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Early History | City of Moose Jaw. Date accessed June 5, 2013.



Editor Klaus Martens. Over Canadian Trails: F. P. Grove in New Letters and Documents.
Königshausen & Neumann, 2007.
ISBN 3826035968, 9783826035968. Quote Saskatchewan Normal School (Teachers College) taken about 1954 before it became part of the Provincial Technical School Unquote Digitised online by Google Books. Page 126-127. Date accessed June 1, 2013.



Education Figure Dies. The Windsor Daily Star. January 12, 1959. Google News Archive. Page 7. Date accessed June 2, 2013.



Educational costs demand higher grant. The Leader-Post. September 9, 1948. Page 8. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 2, 2013.



Education Week Programs. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. March 16, 195. Page 22. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Ex-Saskatchewan Educator Dies. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. Page 8. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 2, 2013.




Fall Sessions Normal School are Announced. Courses open in September for Training First, Second Class Teachers. April 22, 1933. The Leader-Post. Page 3. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 2, 2013.



Forest Glen School has Sweet Choristers and wins the Silver Shield. Large attendance at public school trustees' convention which gathers at Moose Jaw. The Morning Leader. February 26, 1920. Page 5. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



Former Deputy Minister. The Leader-Post. January 12, 1959. Page 3. [Dr. John Samuel Huff.] Google News Archive. Date accessed June 2, 2013.



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Moose Jaw taps large and rich farm country. Located on Main railway lines in strategic position. Is Livestock centre. Is found on Agriculture, Milling and Dairying - One Mill has Large Flour Capacity. The Financial Post. December 26, 1929. Google News Archive. Page 3. Date accessed June 2, 2013.



Gidny, R.D. and W.P.J. Millar. How Schools Worked: Public Education in English Canada, 1900-1940.
Volume 224 of Carleton Library Series, ISSN 0845-9614.
Edition illustrated.
McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP, 2012.
ISBN 0773539530, 9780773539532. Partially digitised by google books. Quote "In 1930, for example, at the Regina and Saskatoon normal schools, 30% of the students were of non-British origin, and at Moose Jaw Normal School in 1929, the figure was 39%. By 1937 the principal of the Saskatoon normal school was reporting that 45% of the students were of non-English origin." Unquote Date accessed June 1, 2013.



Hallman, D. Telling Tales in and out of school: Twentieth-century Women Teachers in Saskatchewan. Noonan, Brian W.; Dianne M. Hallman, and Murray Scharf; editors. The History of Education in Saskatchewan: Selected Readings
Volume 47 of Canadian plains studies.

Contributors Brian W. Noonan, University of Regina. Canadian Plains Research Center.
Edition illustrated.
Publisher University of Regina Press, 2006.
ISBN 0889771901, 9780889771901. Digitized online by Google Books. Quote "Rudimentary teacher training was first conducted in union schools and gradually became formalized in normal schools in Saskatoon, Regina, and Moose Jaw... An increasing demand for secondary school education facilitated the eventual establishment of the College of Education at the provincial university in 1928. The mandate of the college was to prepare its students for teaching in the high schools and collegiates, and to conduct research in education. The program of the college was open only to students who had undergraduate degrees. In 1946-47, the College of Education developed a four-year undergraduate program. However...the government insisted that intending elementary teachers take their first year of training at a normal school. ...The names of the two remaining normal schools were changed in 1953 to teacher's colleges, and "teacher training" became "teacher education." Eleven years later both teacher's colleges closed, and all teacher education moved to the University of Saskatchewan....Ina Jones Jorstad remembered her preparation at the normal school in Moose Jaw in 1930, as consisting of classes in "reading writing, literature, math, geography, health, home economics, physical education, psychology, drama the arts and...The Regina Normal School closed after World War II. It re-opened as Regina Teacher's College in 1957, the same year the Moose Jaw Teacher's College closed (from Campbell, Reflections of Light, 107-109; 151-2."unquote Page 150, 156 and 160. Date accessed May 16, 2013.



Hallman, D. Chapter 10. Telling Tales in and out of School: Twentieth-Century Women Teachers in Saskatchewan. Overview of Teacher Education. Noonan, Brian W.; Dianne M. Hallman, and Murray Scharf; editors. The History of Education in Saskatchewan: Selected Readings
Volume 47 of Canadian plains studies.

Contributors Brian W. Noonan, University of Regina. Canadian Plains Research Center.
Edition illustrated.
Publisher University of Regina Press, 2006.
ISBN 0889771901, 9780889771901. Digitized online by Google Books. Quote "Rudimentary teacher training was first conducted in union schools and gradually became formalized in normal schools in Saskatoon, Regina, and Moose Jaw. These schools were under the jurisdiction of the state Department of Education. As well, until 1926, in an attempt to fill the pressing need for teachers during Saskatchewan's major population boom, short-term sessions providing third class certificates were held in the larger communities or towns...."unquote Page 150. Date accessed June 1, 2013.




Hawkes, John. (October 25, 1863 - July 17, 1940) Saskatchewan Gen Web Project. Saskatchewan and its People by John Hawkes Vol III 1924. The S.J. Clarke Publishing Company. Chicago - Regina. Digitised online Julia Adamson Saskatchewan One Room Schoolhouse Project. 06-Jan-2003. Date accessed June 5, 2013



Herriot, A.A. School Inspectors of the Early Days in Manitoba. Series 3, 1947-48 Season. M.H.S. Transactions: School Inspection of the Early Days in Manitoba. Manitoba Historical Society. 1998-2013. URL accessed June 5, 2013.


Honors Divided in Normal Debate. Science Better Aid to Education Than Literature, Debaters Decide. The Morning Leader. March 31, 1928. Page 9. Google News archives. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



Horsman, Ken. Education The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Canadian Plains Research Center. University of Regina. 2006. Quote The Moose Jaw Normal School opened in 1927. "unquote Date accessed May 16, 2013.



Howe, The Right Honorable C.D. (Minister of Trade and Commerce. The Canada Year Book 1951. The Official Statistical Annual of the Resources, History, Institutions and Social and Economic Conditions of Canada. Dominion Bureau of Statistics. Department of Trade and Commerce Canada. Edmond Cloutier, C.M.G. , D.A., D.S.P. King's Printer and Controller of Stationery. Ottawa. Page 118. 1951.




Ideal School Achieved by Inspired Teachers. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. March 19, 1952. Page 2. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



Ingles, Ernest Boyce. Bibliography of the Canadian Prairies to 1953.
G - Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series.
Editors Ernest Boyce Ingles, Bruce Peel, Norman Merrill Distad.
Contributors Ernest Boyce Ingles, Bruce Peel, Norman Merrill Distad.
Edition 3, illustrated, revised.
Publisher University of Toronto Press, 2003.
ISBN 0802048250, 9780802048257. Quote"Biography of Bruce Peel. Peel spent a year in 1936-1937 earning a teacher's credential at the Normal School in Moose Jaw. This was a reliable choice to guarantee a career, or at least a job to fall back on in those hard times....Author index Asseltine, Robert Whiting 1870-1953 Teacher in Ontario; to Saskatchewan, 1911; inspector of schools at Rosetown; on staff of Saskatoon Normal School, 1918-1927; principal of Moose Jaw Normal School 1929-1930; principal of Saskatoon Normal School, 1930-1934. Saskatoon Star Phoenix March 24, 1953. The Story of Lodge Progress No. 92 5663. " unquote page xxv. Digitized online by Google Books 2012. Date accessed May 15, 2013.





Larsen, John; Libby and Maurice Richard. Moose Jaw : People, Places, History.
Edition illustrated.
Coteau Books, 2001.
ISBN 1550501631, 9781550501636. Digitised online by Google Books. Page 62. Date accessed June 1, 2013.


Last course for teachers. Normal School in Regina to close. The Leader-Post. September 1, 1944. Date accessed June 2, 2013.



Legislators to Attend Normal School Opening. The Morning Leader. February 19, 1930. Page 7. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



Lloyd speaks to teachers. The Leader-Post. June 20, 1946. Google News Archives. Page 2. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



Lyons, J. Chapter 4. The Saskatchewan Way: Henry Janzen and Curriculum Reform in Saskatchewan. Noonan, Brian W.; Dianne M. Hallman, and Murray Scharf; editors.
The History of Education in Saskatchewan: Selected Readings
Volume 47 of Canadian plains studies.

Contributors Brian W. Noonan, University of Regina. Canadian Plains Research Center.
Edition illustrated.
Publisher University of Regina Press, 2006.
ISBN 0889771901, 9780889771901. Digitized online by Google Books. Quote "Although the province's Normal Schools in Regina, Saskatoon and Moose Jaw had been renamed Teachers' Colleges, they had remained under the Department of Education jurisdiction. In 1964, all teacher education was consolidated at the University of Saskatchewan campuses in Regina and Saskatoon...."unquote Page 60. Date accessed June 1, 2013.



Manzer, Ronald A. Educational regimes and Anglo-American democracy.
Volume 18 of G - Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series.
Volume 18 of Studies in comparative political economy and public policy, ISSN 1714-9339.
Edition 2, illustrated.
Publisher University of Toronto Press, 2003.
ISBN 0802087809, 9780802087805. Page 93. Digitised online by Google Books. Date accessed June 1. 2013.




McCarthy alarmed over teacher shortage. Regina School should be used. The Leader Post. February 14, 1951. Google News Archive. Date accessed May 20, 2013.



McNinch, James and Mark Vajcner. Normal School. Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina. 2006. Date accessed June 1, 2013.



Members Gather at School Opening. Minister of Public Works Officiates at Ceremony in Moose Jaw. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. February 27, 1930. Page 7. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 2, 2013.



M.L.A.'s discuss teacher problem. Normal School Discussed Again. The Leader-Post February 22, 1951. Google News Archive. Date accessed May 16, 2013.



Moose Jaw Basketball. The Leader-Post. April 11, 1956. Page 28. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.


Moose Jaw cagers win. The Leader-post. February 6,1958. Page 15. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 6, 2013.



Moose Jaw Central Collegiate 100th Anniversary. Quote Saskatchewan Normal School (Teachers College) taken about 1954 before it became part of the Provincial Technical School Unquote Date accessed June 1, 2013.



Moose Jaw Celebrates Victory Loan Day on Sunday. The Leader-Post. June 7, 1941. Google News Archives. Date accessed June 2, 2013.



Moose Jaw Chosen. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. March 14, 195. Page 18. Google News Archives. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Moose College. The Morning Leader. December 18, 1915. Page 14. Google News Archives. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Moose Jaw College Notes. The Morning Leader. September 7, 1928. Page 21. [Graduates from Moose Jaw college class of 1914, 1916-1917, 1918-1919, ] Google News Archives. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



Moose Jaw College Notes The Morning Leader. February 18, 1922. Google News Archives. Page 19. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



Moose Jaw College Notes The Morning Leader. September 7, 1928. Google News Archives. Page 19. Date accessed June 4, 2013.




Moose Jaw College Notes The Morning Leader. September 19, 1925. Google News Archives. Page 19. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Moose Jaw College Students Successful in Examinations. The Morning Leader. August 20, 1927. Page 23. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Moose Jaw Function. The Leader-Post. February 8, 1937. Quote "First social function of the new year of the Moose Jaw Normal School was a dance held Friday night in the school auditorium.Unquote Google News Archive. Date accessed June 1, 2013.



Moose Jaw Gets Provincial Tech, Lloyd Announces. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. March 12, 1958. Google News Archive. Date Accessed June 2, 2013.



Moose Jaw History. In Moose Jaw. Moose Jaw. Online. Date Accessed June 6, 2013.




Moose Jaw Institute to Enroll 1, 500. Saskatoon Star.-Phoenix. December 19, 1960. Page 3. Google News Archive. Date Accessed June 4, 2013.



Moose Jaw is Ready to Welcome King and Queen. All arrangements for accommodation of visitors made - details announced at meeting of committee Friday evening. The Leader-Post. May 20, 1939. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 3, 2013.


Moose Jaw Normal School. SAIN Collections. Quote"Dates of existence
1927-1959. ...In 1953, the Moose Jaw school was renamed the Saskatchewan Teachers College, Moose Jaw... From 1930 to 1959 the Moose Jaw Normal School was located in what is now the SIAST Palliser Campus in Moose Jaw." unquote


Saskatchewan Archival Information Network.





Moose Jaw news in brief. The Leader-Post. October 3, 1955 Page 2. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Moose Jaw news in brief. The Leader-Post. May 3, 1957. Page 2. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Moose Jaw news in brief. The Leader-Post. October 29, 1958 Page 65. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.




Moose Jaw news in brief. The Leader-Post. April 16, 1955. Page 10. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Moose Jaw news in brief. The Leader-Post. January 17, 959. Page 2. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Moose Jaw Normal School Notes. The Morning Leader. November 23, 1923. Google News Archive. Page 12. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



Findlay, Thelma. Moose Jaw Normal School ~ Saskatchewan Gen Web ~ One Room Schoolhouse Project. [Historical class images] Digitised online by Julia Adamson. September 8, 2012. Date accessed June 1, 2013.



Moose Jaw SaskBiz. Community Profiles. Government of Saskatchewan. Date accessed June 6, 2013.



Moose Jaw School Job to Regina Firm.
Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. April 6, 1962. Page 15. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Moose Jaw School Pupils Pay Tribute to Lord Tweedsmuir. The Leader-Post. February 15, 1940. Google News Archives. Date accessed June 6, 2013.



Moose Jaw Social The Leader-Post. February 25,1938. Page 4. Google News Archives. Date accessed June 2, 2013.



More Careful Selection of Students to Mark Normal School Year. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. August 29, 1945. Google News Archives. Date accessed June 2, 2013.



Normalites are Strong. Will Meet D.B.C.'s in Cup Final in Moose Jaw; Have Good Team. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. March 19, 1930. Page 11. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



The New Normal School at Moose Jaw. The Morning Leader. October 4, 1928. Page 3. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 2, 2013.


New Normal School Staffs Are Announced. Many Changes in Personnel Necessitated by Establishment of School at Moose Jaw. The Morning Leader September 24, 1927. Page 17. Date accessed May 16, 2013.



New Teachers Prepare for Graduation. Moose Jaw produces 136 Teachers despite Hard Times. The Leader-Post. May 12, 1938. Page 6. Google News Archive. Quote "Teachers at present employed may threaten strikes, may point to the thousands of dollars back salary owing rural teachers and the all time low level of remuneration in the profession, but something remains attractive about being a teacher."unquote Date accessed June 2, 2013.



Normal Schools add New Courses. The Leader-Post. August 30, 1945. Page 8. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 2, 2013.


Normal School Appointments are Announced. Principal at Saskatoon Will Be Replaced by Public Schools Superintendent. The Morning Leader. September 12, 1927. Page 10. Google News Archive Search. Quote Dr. J.S. Huff, principal of Saskatoon Normal School, has been appointed principal of the new Normal School at Moose Jaw....Dr. J.A. Snell, superintendent of public schools at Saskatoon, has been appointed to succeed Dr. Huff as principal of the Saskatoon Normal School...Dr. J. S. Huff, Saskatoon, who has been appointed principal of the new Normal School which is to be opened in Moose Jaw, September 28."unquote Date accessed May 16, 2013.



Normal School Date Extended. Premier Announces Applications Will Be Received Up to September 1. The Leader-Post. August 18, 1933. Page 3. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



Normal School Dates for Next Term Are Set. The Leader-Post. March 3, 1931. Page 2. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



Normal School Holiday Term At Moose Jaw The Leader-Post. June 28, 1933. Page 8. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 2, 2013.



Normal School Planning Another Short Session. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. December 18, 1929. Page 3. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 2, 2013.



Normal School Short Sessions for Teachers. Terms will be held at Regina, Saskatoon, and Moose Jaw, Department Announces. The Morning Leader. October 29, 1928. Google News Archive. Date accessed May 16, 2013.



Normal School Students Complete Physical Exams. Many Candidates at Yorkton, Moose Jaw and Swift Current on the list of successful ones. The Saskatoon Phoenix. March 30, 1914. Page 3. Google News Archive. Quote "Certificates have been issued to the following persons who have completed the course in physical training in connection with the third class session of the Normal school held during the months of January and February...(28 teachers listed for Moose Jaw.).."unQuote Date accessed June 2, 2013.



Normal Schools Will Stay Open. Report That Moose Jaw Institution to be Closed Denied by Premier. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. August 20, 1931. Page 3. Google News Archives. Date Accessed June 3, 2013.



Opening of Normal School Suggested. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. February 24, 1951. Page 7. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 2, 2013.



Painting Purchased. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. June 12, 1953. Page 4. Google News archive. Quote"The outgoing students of the Saskatchewan Teachers' College at Moose Jaw have purchased a Saskatchewan work of art...the 1952-53 class has made this purchase as a memorial gift to the college..."unquote Date accessed June 4, 2013.


Peel 5798: Moose Jaw School Board, Moose Jaw School District No.1 semi-centennial, 1884-1934, Wednesday, Dec. 5th, 1934 (1934]) University of Alberta. © 2003-2009 Date accessed June 26, 2013.


Postcard 2481: Warwick Bro's & Rutter, Alexandra School Moose Jaw, Sask. [190-] PC002481: "Alexandra School Moose Jaw, Sask." is licensed by University of Alberta Libraries under the Attribution - Non-Commercial - Creative Commons license. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://peel.library.ualberta.ca/permissions/postcards.html. Date accessed June 25, 2013.



Postcard 12856 Lovell & Co. New Normal School Regina (cca. 1911) PC012856: "New Normal School Regina" is licensed by University of Alberta Libraries under the Attribution - Non-Commercial - Creative Commons license. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://peel.library.ualberta.ca/permissions/postcards.html. URL accessed March 8, 2013.



Postcard 2531: Lewis Rice, Illustrator and Publisher, Alexandra School, Moose Jaw, Canada [19-] PC002531: "Alexandra School, Moose Jaw, Canada" is licensed by University of Alberta Libraries under the Attribution - Non-Commercial - Creative Commons license. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://peel.library.ualberta.ca/permissions/postcards.html. Date accessed June 25, 2013.



Postcard 11211: Rice Lewis, Alexandra School, Moose Jaw, Canada (cca 1910) PC011211: "Alexandra School, Moose Jaw, Canada" is licensed by University of Alberta Libraries under the Attribution - Non-Commercial - Creative Commons license. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://peel.library.ualberta.ca/permissions/postcards.html. Date accessed June 25, 2013.



Postcard 2494: Valentine & Sons Publishing Co. Ltd. Moose Jaw, Sask (c1913) PC002494: "Alexandra School, Moose Jaw, Sask." is licensed by University of Alberta Libraries under the Attribution - Non-Commercial - Creative Commons license. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://peel.library.ualberta.ca/permissions/postcards.html. Date accessed June 25, 2013.


Postcard 2590: Camera Products Co, The Normal School, Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan ([ca. 1930]) PC002590: "The Normal School, Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan" is licensed by University of Alberta Libraries under the Attribution - Non-Commercial - Creative Commons license. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://peel.library.ualberta.ca/permissions/postcards.html. Date accessed June 1, 2013.



Premier Backs Normal School for Moose Jaw. Gardiner States Government will ask Estimate for Third Such Institution. The Morning Leader. August 19, 1927. Google News Archive. QuoteIn reference to the selection of Moose Jaw for the location of the third normal school, Mr. Gardiner stated that a large majority of the students who presented themselves for normal school training lived in the more settled parts of the southern part of the province... Third Class sessions held at six local centres which took care of a large number of students... have been abandoned and the normal term extended to one year..."unQuote Date Accessed May 16, 2013.



Provincial Normal School Examination Results Announced. Regina, Saskatoon and Moose Jaw Students to Get Interim Certificates. The Leader-Post. July 13, 1934. Page 7. Google News Archive. Date Accessed June 2, 2013.



Regina Normal School Will Be Closed Soon. September 1, 1944. Page 3. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



Retired Teacher Dies at Coast. [Dr. Steinn W. Steinson] The Leader-Post. September 26, 197. Page 3. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



Room E Wins Music Award, The Leader-Post Moose Jaw Bureau. May 25, 1937. Page 6. Google News Archive. Date Accessed June 2, 2013.




Ross Public School, Moose Jaw
Postcard views of early Saskatchewan. University of Saskatchewan Library, Special Collections. Date accessed June 25, 2013.



Rusnell, Chuck. Balfour retirement proves misleading at best. The Phoenix. September 22, 1984. Page 104. Google News Archive. Date Accessed June 4, 2013.



Salmers, Gregory. Soo Line Railway. The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. 2006. Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina. Date accessed June 5, 2013.



Saskatchewan Entries Win Easily in Sheep, Lamb Exhibits at Show. In classes mentioned exhibitors at feeder show from this province win ten prizes - success marks opening day. The Morning Leader. October 13, 1927. Page 18. Google News Archive. Quote "Some 300 students of the Moose Jaw Normal School will witness a demonstration of cattle in the sale ring at the feeder show tomorrow. They are to be taken to the stockyards in automobiles supplied by the Moose Jaw Board of Trade. George Murray, professor of agriculture at the Normal School, will be in charge of the group....."unquote Date accessed June 3, 2013.



Saskatchewan Farmers may drift into Peasant Class States Speaker. Mrs. Ethel B. Summers addresses twelfth annual convention of provincial council of women at Moose Jaw Normal School. Saskatoon Star-Phoenix. May 2, 1930. Page 7. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



Saskatchewan Settlement Experience. Saskatchewan Archives Board 2005. Quote "The Yorkton and Regina Normal Schools were the precursors to the Colleges of Education that were eventually established at the Universities. With such a high demand for teachers, the Normal Schools were used to give a basic amount of training in the shortest time possible before the teachers were dispersed to the many rural areas of the province....."unquote Date accessed May 16, 2013.



Saskatoon dominates. The Leader-Post. February 25, 1957. Page 17. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 4, 2013.


Saskatoon man named to head association. The Leader-Post. December 13, 1948. Google News Archive. QuoteDr. F. Mahood also of Moose Jaw normal school stated "the teacher can do something worth while only when she has caught up the spirit running through the curriculum, and clearly understands what thee course is attempting to accomplish....Teacher's institutes he termed "one of the most valuable ideas that has ever been brought forward in the history of education in Saskatchewan. It is a means of bringing about unprecedented growth and development of teachers in service."..."unquote Date Accessed May 16, 2013.



Savage Frederick Quote"He attended the Moose Jaw Normal School, where, according to Principal G.A. Brown, he was one of the school's "outstanding students..."unQuote Date accessed June 1. 2013.



School is in for 400 prospective teachers. The Leader-Post. September 8, 1959. Page 3. Date accessed June 4, 2013.



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So they say. Editorial Page. The Leader-Post. April 13, 1935. Page 14. Google News Archive. Quote "The Glee club of the Moose Jaw Normal School presented an operetta recently" Date accessed June 3, 2013.



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Teachers set normal-time Salary Rate. Only hope seen in guarantee by provincial govt. The Leader-Post, Moose Jaw Bureau. December 30, 1937. Page 3. Google News Archive. Date accessed June 3, 2013.



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